SAP ABAP — Constants

Constants

Constants are named objects used to store a values. CONSTANTS keyword used to declare constants. The value which is assigned to a constant can’t be changed during the execution of the program.

CONSTANTS: GC_PI TYPE P DECIMALS 2 VALUE ‘3.14’,
GC_YES TYPE C VALUE ‘X’.

Constant Name — Specifies the constant name.

Data Type — Specifies the data type.

Value — Specifies the constant value.

We can declare the named data objects with the help of CONSTANTS statement.

Example

REPORT Z_ABAP_DEVELOPER_TEST.

WRITE / ‘Welcome to Feyzas ABAP Tutorial ‘.
ULINE.

CONSTANTS : MONTH TYPE I VALUE 12,
DAY TYPE I VALUE 365,
HOUR TYPE I VALUE 6.

WRITE: MONTH, DAY, HOUR.

Output:

Example

REPORT Z_ABAP_DEVELOPER_TEST.

WRITE / ‘Welcome to Feyzas ABAP Tutorial ‘.
ULINE.

CONSTANTS: BEGIN OF CANDIDATE, NAME(20)
TYPE C VALUE ‘FEYZA’,
ID TYPE N VALUE ‘1’,
RESULT TYPE P DECIMALS 2 VALUE ‘90.50’,
LINE TYPE I VALUE 15,
END OF CANDIDATE.

SKIP 1.
WRITE: / ‘CANDIDATE-NAME:’, CANDIDATE-NAME,
/ ‘CANDIDATE-ID:’, CANDIDATE-ID,
/ ‘CANDIDATE-RESULT:’, CANDIDATE-RESULT,
/ ‘CANDIDATE-LINE:’, CANDIDATE-LINE.
ULINE.

Output:

General Example:

REPORT Z_ABAP_DEVELOPER_TEST.

TYPES: BEGIN OF COUNTRY_INFO,
STREET(30) TYPE C,
POSTCODE(5) TYPE C,
COUNTRY(30) TYPE C,
END OF COUNTRY_INFO.

DATA: NAME(20) TYPE C,

SURNAME(20) TYPE C,
YEAR TYPE I,
COUNTRY TYPE COUNTRY_INFO,
DATE LIKE SY-DATUM,
TIME TYPE T.

CONSTANTS: LOCATION(10) TYPE C VALUE ‘ABAP’.

NAME = ‘FEYZA’.
SURNAME = ‘DERINOGLU’.
YEAR = 2020.
COUNTRY-STREET = ‘London Street’.
COUNTRY-POSTCODE = ‘34’.
COUNTRY-COUNTRY = ‘İstanbul’.

DATE = SY-DATUM.
TIME = SY-UZEIT.

WRITE:/ ‘Name:’, NAME.
WRITE:/ ‘Surname:’, SURNAME.
WRITE:/ ‘Location:’, LOCATION.
WRITE:/ ‘Date and Time:’, DATE, TIME.

END-OF-SELECTION.

Output: